Crypto and NFT Investor Disputes in India: Criminal Exposure, Restitution Traps, and Settlement Defense

By Advocate Ajay Singh Malik | Practice: Supreme Court of India, Delhi High Court, and all District Courts | Dwarka, New Delhi The Reality of Web3 Investor Conflict in India The virtual digital asset (VDA) landscape in India operates in an intensive regulatory grey zone. When a decentralized finance (DeFi) protocol, NFT collection, or token …

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What Counts as ‘Mental Cruelty’ in Indian Divorce Law? Complete Legal Guide Under Section 13(1)(ia)

Under the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, “Cruelty” is the most frequently invoked ground for contested divorce. While physical cruelty involves visible acts of violence that can be medically certified, mental cruelty is intangible, psychological, and continuously defined through judicial pronouncements. Spouses trapped in bitter marital litigation often ask: Does constant quarreling count as cruelty? Does …

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MUTUAL CONSENT DIVORCE: WHAT IF ONE SPOUSE CHANGES THEIR MIND MIDWAY?

Under Section 13B of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, mutual consent must exist continuously from the filing date until the final decree is signed at the Second Motion. Either spouse holds the legal right to unilaterally withdraw consent before the Second Motion is concluded. The Family Court cannot grant a mutual divorce against the will …

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Can the Supreme Court Dissolve a Marriage Even If One Spouse Objects?

Yes, the Supreme Court of India can dissolve a marriage even if one spouse objects, by invoking its extraordinary powers under Article 142(1) of the Constitution on the ground of “Irretrievable Breakdown of Marriage.” As established in the Constitution Bench ruling Shilpa Sailesh v. Varun Sreenivasan, the Court can grant a decree of divorce to …

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5 Fatal Mistakes People Make When Sending a Cheque Bounce Notice in India

By Advocate Ajay Malik | Supreme Court, Delhi High Court & All District Courts When a business client, buyer, or borrower issues a cheque that bounces due to “Funds Insufficient” or “Account Closed,” creditors immediately look toward Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (NI Act) to recover their funds. However, unlike regular civil …

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Happy Raksha Bandhan 2026: The Spirit of Protection, Family Trust, and Legal Empowerment in India

By Advocate Ajay Malik | Supreme Court, Delhi High Court & All District Courts Raksha Bandhan is one of India’s most deeply rooted and revered festivals, symbolizing the pure bond of love, respect, and mutual duty between brothers and sisters. As sacred threads are tied and blessings are exchanged, the core sentiment of the festival …

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“There Was No Debt”: Why This Defense Rarely Wins at the High Court Quashing Stage in Section 138 NI Act Cases

By Advocate Ajay Malik | Supreme Court, Delhi High Court & All District Courts Receiving a summons from a Magistrate Court in a criminal complaint under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (NI Act) is a serious legal challenge. The immediate reaction of many individuals and business owners is to approach the High …

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Multiple Bounced Cheques From the Same Transaction: Can You File Multiple Section 138 NI Act Cases in India?

By Advocate Ajay Malik | Supreme Court, Delhi High Court & All District Courts In structured commercial trade, supply chain agreements, and personal loan transactions across India, payments are often divided across several post-dated cheques (PDCs). However, when the drawer defaults and multiple cheques bounce simultaneously or in succession, payees face a critical legal question: …

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Cheque Bounced in India: The Mandatory 30-Day Clock and Statutory Timelines Under Section 138 NI Act

By Advocate Ajay Malik | Supreme Court, Delhi High Court & All District Courts Can You Be Prosecuted Under Section 138 NI Act for a Bounced Security Cheque?​ Yes, you can be prosecuted under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act for a bounced security cheque if a legally enforceable debt exists when the cheque …

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Bar Council of India Social Media Guidelines: Balancing Professional Ethics and Public Legal Education

By Advocate Ajay Malik | Supreme Court, Delhi High Court & All District Courts The rise of digital media has transformed how legal information is shared across India. However, the legal profession in India is governed by strict statutory rules prioritizing public duty over commercial enterprise. Under the Advocates Act, 1961 and the Bar Council …

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